精神健康學習中心

中文

臨床心理學家為有精神健康需要人士提供心理評估、診斷與實證為本的治療（如CBT、ACT）。通常具碩士或博士資格，並於香港心理學會臨床心理學部註冊。不能處方藥物，會與精神科醫生等專業協作提供整全支援。

英文

Clinical Psychologists conduct assessment, diagnosis, and evidence‑based therapy (e.g., CBT, ACT). They usually hold a master's/doctorate and are registered with HKPS (Clinical Division). They cannot prescribe medication and work closely with psychiatrists.

中文

輔導心理學家協助處理生活壓力、情緒困擾、人際衝突與自我探索等議題。多具輔導心理學碩士，於香港心理學會輔導心理學部註冊。輔導心理學家主要以談話、輔導的方式介入個案的情況，增強其應對能力並協助其成長，透過與個案面談，協助個案了解問題根源，並共同尋找解決方法。通常不作臨床診斷或處方藥物。

英文

Counseling Psychologists address life stress, emotions, and relationships, promoting coping and growth via talk therapy. They hold a master's in Counseling Psychology and register with HKPS (Counseling Division). They typically do not diagnose or prescribe.

中文

教育心理學家支援兒童與青少年的學習、行為與情緒發展，為學校提供專業建議。多具教育心理學碩士或博士，並於香港心理學會教育心理學部註冊。常見工作包括：讀寫障礙評估、ADHD支援、特殊教育安排、與學校及家長溝通以提供最適合特殊教育兒童的成長環境

英文

Educational Psychologists support learning, behaviour, and emotional development in children/adolescents and advise schools. They hold a master's in Educational Psychology and register with HKPS (Educational Division). They assess dyslexia, support ADHD, and guide SEN provision.

中文

輔導員提供情緒支援與生活指導，常見於私人、NGO及校園服務。通常具輔導學文憑或碩士，或屬專業協會會員（如香港專業輔導協會）。非政府法定註冊專業；可視需要作轉介。

英文

Counselors provide emotional support and life guidance across private, NGO, and campus services. They often hold a diploma/master's in counselling or belong to professional bodies (e.g., HKPCA). Not a government‑regulated profession; can refer when needed.

中文

可於香港心理學會（HKPS）相關分部名冊查核註冊情況；輔導員則可於香港專業輔導協會（HKPCA）名冊查詢。亦可參考大學／醫院／機構官網。留意職稱、註冊編號、培訓背景及專長領域；遇不確定可直接向機構查詢。

英文

Check the HKPS division registers for psychologists, and the HKPCA register for counsellors. You may also refer to official pages of universities, hospitals, or agencies. Look for professional title, registration number, training background, and specialties; if unsure, contact the organisation directly.

中文

「註冊」代表個人已符合專業學會或法定機構要求，並被列入名冊，保障服務使用者能查核其身份及專業資格；對公眾安全及信任至關重要。 「認可／認證」則主要針對課程或培訓機構，表示其教學內容、師資及制度通過專業評審，以確保培訓質素。 兩者層次不同：註冊屬於個人層面，認可則屬於課程或機構層面；註冊專業人員通常須完成認可課程，才能取得資格。選擇服務時，宜同時核實個人註冊及課程認可，以確保專業可靠。

英文

“Registration” means that an individual has met the requirements of a professional body or statutory authority and is listed on an official register. This allows service users to verify their identity and professional qualifications, which is crucial for public safety and trust. “Accreditation/Certification” usually refers to courses or training institutions, confirming that their curriculum, teaching staff, and systems have been professionally reviewed to ensure quality. They operate at different levels: registration is at the individual level, while accreditation is at the programme or institutional level. In most cases, professionals must complete accredited programmes before they can register. When choosing services, it is best to check both individual registration and programme accreditation to ensure reliability.

中文

臨床心理學家著重評估與治療精神障礙；輔導心理學家聚焦適應與成長；教育心理學家專注校園與發展需要；輔導員提供情緒支持與生活指導。培訓深度、實習要求與臨床權限各異。

英文

Clinical focuses on assessment and treatment of disorders; Counseling on adaptation and growth; Educational on school/developmental needs; Counselors on support and guidance. Training depth and clinical privileges differ.

中文

以科學為基礎的專業介入，透過安全、保密的關係探索情緒、思維與行為，學習新應對策略。由具資格專業提供（如臨床/輔導心理學家、精神科醫生），治療長短因目標而異。

英文

A science‑based intervention in a safe, confidential setting to explore emotions, thoughts, and behaviours while learning coping skills. Provided by qualified professionals; duration varies with goals.

中文

以談話為主的專業支援，協助處理壓力、情緒與人際議題，促進自我認識與適應。由輔導心理學家、輔導員等提供；通常不以臨床診斷為重點。

英文

Talk‑based professional support for stress, emotions, and relationships, enhancing self‑understanding and adaptation. Provided by counseling psychologists or counselors; diagnosis is not the focus.

中文

輔導較靈活，聚焦當下壓力與轉變。常生活壓力、人際關係、情緒調節等問題，目標是協助個人應對困擾、回復功能並培養心理韌性。 而心理治療則更深入並更具系統性，如針對抑鬱症、焦慮症、創傷等較長期或根深蒂固的心理疾病，旨在解決核心問題。 兩者重疊之處在於都運用專業的助人關係，結合心理學理論與實務，但治療的廣度、深度和涉及的心理困擾程度不同，輔導可以視為心理治療的初階或輕症應用。兩者都建立在一個絕對保密且值得信任的專業助人關係上，提供一個安全的空間讓人可以坦誠面對內心，二者可相輔相成。

英文

Psychotherapy is more structured for disorders and persistent issues; counseling is flexible for current stress and transitions. Both value confidentiality and the therapeutic relationship and can complement each other.

中文

個人治療聚焦個體歷程；伴侶治療處理關係互動與衝突；家庭治療以系統觀點改善溝通與界線。選擇依目標與成員參與度而定。

英文

Individual therapy focuses on the person; couple therapy on dyadic interaction; family therapy uses a systemic lens to improve communication and boundaries. Choice depends on goals and participation.

中文

由治療師帶領的小組介入，透過與小組裡的其他成員互相回饋、支持與角色練習促進每位成員的學習與。適合社交焦慮、人際困擾、哀傷處理等；需遵守保密與參與規範。

英文

Therapist‑led groups offer feedback, role practice, and peer support. Helpful for social anxiety, interpersonal issues, and grief. Confidentiality and participation rules apply.

中文

面談具臨場互動與非語言線索；視像便利、省時、可跨區。限制包括私穩環境、技術穩定性與危機處理安排。按需求與安全選擇。

英文

In‑person offers richer nonverbal cues; telehealth is convenient and accessible. Consider privacy, connectivity, and crisis plans when choosing.

中文

第一次會面通常包括了解困擾、背景與目標、風險與資源評估、規範與保密說明，並共同擬定介入方向與頻率。你可向其提出任何期望或顧慮。

英文

Expect discussion of concerns, history, goals, risk/resources assessment, confidentiality, and ground rules. You'll co‑plan the approach and frequency; share expectations and worries.

中文

精神健康不僅是沒有疾病，更是情緒、思維與行為能有效應對挑戰與建立關係的狀態。良好精神健康能夠提升個人應對生活的能力及對生活整體的滿意度。

英文

Beyond absence of illness, mental health means coping with challenges and sustaining relationships; it boosts functioning and life satisfaction.

中文

情緒障礙（如焦慮、抑鬱）多影響情緒與日常功能；精神疾病（如精神分裂症、雙相）涉及更廣的認知與行為改變。皆需專業評估。

英文

Emotional disorders affect mood/daily life; mental illnesses involve broader cognitive/behavioural changes. Both need professional assessment.

中文

抑鬱：持續低落、失樂、疲倦；焦慮：過度擔心、緊張；驚恐：突發強烈恐懼與心跳加速、氣促等身體症狀。治療可有效改善上述症狀。

英文

Depression: low mood, anhedonia, fatigue. Anxiety: excessive worry/tension. Panic: sudden intense fear with palpitations, breathlessness. Treatments help.

中文

精神分裂症影響思維與知覺；雙相情感障礙在躁期與抑鬱期間波動；PTSD涉及創傷後的重現與過度警覺。需綜合治療與復康練習以舒緩症狀並達至康復。

英文

Schizophrenia alters thought and perception; bipolar disorder cycles between mania and depression; PTSD involves re‑experiencing and hyperarousal. Integrated care is needed.

中文

適度壓力有助提升表現；長期壓力卻會損害睡眠、身體的免疫功能與情緒調節，增加焦慮與抑鬱風險。管理包括規律作息、運動、社會支持與專業協助。

英文

Moderate stress can motivate; chronic stress harms sleep, immunity, and mood regulation, raising anxiety/depression risk. Manage with routine, exercise, support, and professional help.

中文

若困擾持續數週影響學業/工作/人際，或出現自傷/自殺念頭、現實感喪失、物質誤用等，應盡快求助。遇上特別危急的情況時請優先聯絡緊急服務或熱線服務。向他人求助絕不是懦弱的表現，相反，意識到自己的情況需要他人幫忙的並作出行動是一種能力和勇氣。

英文

Seek help if distress persists for weeks affecting functioning, or if self‑harm/suicidal thoughts, dissociation, or substance misuse occur. In crisis, contact emergency services or hotlines immediately.

中文

透過辨識與調整負面思維與行為模式，配合作業與技巧訓練，改善情緒與功能。此治療方式實證充足，由科學理論支持。適用於抑鬱、焦慮、強迫等多種問題。

英文

Identifies and modifies unhelpful thoughts/behaviours with practice and skills training to improve mood and functioning. Strong evidence base across many conditions.

中文

強調接納內在經驗、釐清個人價值並投入有意義行動，提升心理彈性。可配合正念練習，適用多種情緒困擾。

英文

Focuses on acceptance of inner experiences, clarifying values, and committed action to build psychological flexibility, often integrating mindfulness.

中文

探索無意識與早期經驗如何影響當下關係與症狀，透過治療關係與洞察促進改變。對依附、人際與反覆模式特別有幫助。

英文

Explores how unconscious and early experiences shape current patterns; uses the therapeutic relationship and insight to facilitate change—useful for attachment and interpersonal themes.

中文

以人際角色與溝通為核心，針對哀傷、角色轉換、人際衝突與缺陷四範疇提升支援與調適；常用於抑鬱。

英文

Targets grief, role transitions, disputes, and interpersonal deficits by improving communication and support; commonly used for depression.

中文

家庭治療是一個以系統取向為核心的方法，旨在處理家庭系統中的失衡與問題，而非單純關注個體。 家庭治療視問題為家庭系統的一部分，透過調整溝通、界線與角色，促進家庭功能與個體改變。常見於青少年與家庭關係關係議題。

英文

Uses a systemic lens to adjust communication, boundaries, and roles, improving family functioning and individual change—common for youth and relationship issues.

中文

以遊戲作為與兒童溝通和治療的方式，讓其表達與學會整合情緒與經驗；治療師透過結構化活動與關係建立促進兒童的情緒調節與發展，達至治療效果。

英文

Uses play as a child's natural language to express and integrate emotions/experiences; therapists structure activities and relationships to foster regulation and development.

中文

透過創作音樂或參與在演奏音樂當中，以非語言的方式表達情緒與經驗，提升自我覺察與放鬆；常配合其他治療使用，由受訓治療師提供。

英文

Nonverbal expression via creative arts/music to enhance awareness and relaxation; often adjunctive to other therapies, led by trained therapists.

中文

如遇危機請優先致電999或前往急症室。非緊急支援可考慮生命熱線、撒瑪利亞會、明愛向晴熱線等；服務時間與語言各異，請查閱官網。

英文

In emergencies call 999 or go to A&E. For non‑urgent support, consider Lifeline, Samaritans, Caritas hotline, etc. Check official sites for hours and languages.

中文

一般經家庭醫生/普通科門診轉介至精神科評估；視乎情況安排藥物、心理治療或社工支援。等候時間視需求與地區而異。

英文

Referral via GP/General Outpatient to psychiatry assessment; care may include medication, psychotherapy, or social work. Wait times vary by need and district.

中文

多間NGO提供低收費或專題輔導、朋輩支援與小組活動；資格、收費與名額各異。可按主題（哀傷、成癮、親職）選擇。

英文

NGOs offer low‑fee or themed counselling, peer support, and groups. Eligibility, fees, and quotas differ—choose by topic (grief, addiction, parenting).

中文

各大學設有學生輔導中心，提供短期輔導、工作坊與危機支援；通常僅限予在校學生，須根據校方流程預約。

英文

Universities provide counselling centres for enrolled students, offering short‑term counselling, workshops, and crisis support; booking follows campus procedures.

中文

由同路人主導的小組與資源共享，強調經驗交流與互助；可提升歸屬感與復元動力，適合作為專業治療的補充。

英文

Peer‑led groups share experiences and resources, fostering belonging and recovery; best used as a complement to professional care.

中文

視機構而定；私人服務大多不需要，公私營醫療系統可能有不同規定。若涉及保險索償，請先了解保單要求。

英文

It depends on the setting; private services often don't require referrals, but some systems do. Check your insurance policy for referral requirements.

中文

不一定；短期介入（如6–12次）對特定目標已有效。時長受問題性質、目標與資源影響，可與治療師討論最合適自己的安排。

英文

Not always; brief therapy (e.g., 6–12 sessions) can be effective. Duration depends on issues, goals, and resources—decide with your therapist.

中文

心理學家接受更深入臨床訓練，能進行評估與治療；輔導員重點在情緒支援與生活適應。兩者可按需要轉介與協作。

英文

Psychologists have deeper clinical training for assessment and treatment; counselors focus on emotional support and adaptation. They can collaborate and refer as needed.

中文

可以，在許多狀況同時使用更有效；由精神科醫生與治療師協作調整方案。切勿自行停藥或改藥，須按醫囑。

英文

Yes. Combination treatment is often more effective. Psychiatrists and therapists coordinate care. Do not change or stop medication without medical advice.

中文

不是。早期求助有助防止惡化並縮短康復時間；輕中度困擾亦可受惠於短期介入與自助策略。

英文

No. Early help prevents worsening and speeds recovery; mild to moderate issues also benefit from brief interventions and self‑help strategies.

中文

不一定；取向不同。CBT較著重當下思維與行為，心理動力治療則更關注早期經驗。可與治療師商討最切合的焦點。

英文

Not necessarily; approaches vary. CBT focuses on present thoughts/behaviours, while psychodynamic work explores early experiences. Discuss the best focus with your therapist.